Antennas For Portable Devices HOT!
Antennas are often the most bulky components in many portable wireless devices such as mobile phones. Whilst the demand for ever smaller and more powerful wireless devices increases, as does the importance of designing and engineering smaller antennas to fit these devices.
Antennas for portable devices
Antennas for Portable Devices provides a complete and cutting-edge guide to the design and engineering of small antennas for portable electronic devices such as mobile phone handsets, laptop computers, RFID (radio frequency identification), microwave thermal therapies devices, wearable devices, and UWB (ultra-wideband) based consumer devices.
This invaluable resource will provide a comprehensive overview of miniaturizing antenna technology for antenna engineers in industry, and R&D organizations, graduate students, consultants, researchers, RF professionals, technical managers, as well as practitioners working in the area of consumer electronics, RF systems, wireless communications, or bio-medical devices.
Zhi Ning Chen is Lead Scientist, Head for Antenna Lab and Manager for Radio Systems Department, Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore.? Zhi Ning has been working on applied electromagnetics, antennas and RF systems for 20 years. Recently, his major research interests include wave propagation, antennas, and RF design for UWB-(Ultra WideBand) and MIMO- (multiple input, multiple output) based radio systems. He has conducted research work on UWB, including the study of small and broadband antennas for UWB radio systems, measurements on pulsed antennas UWB, assessment of diversity performance of multiple antennas in UWB systems, effects of the human body on the UWB signal propagation, co-design of antennas and RF circuits for UWB transceivers. He has been invited to give talks on UWB antenna design and measurement at several international conferences and workshops, and has organized many international UWB events Permissions Request permission to reuse content from this site
Antennas for Portable Dev ices provides a complete and cutting-edge guide to the design and engineering of small antennas for portable electronic devices such as mobile phone handsets, laptop computers, RFID (radio frequency identification), microwave thermal therapies devices, wearable devices, and UWB (ultra-wideband) based consumer devices.
Due to the rapid development of wireless communication systems, good numbers of services and devices use different frequency bands and protocols. To concurrently cover all these services, the antenna in communication devices should operate over multiple frequency bands. The use of wide and multi-band antennas not only reduces the number of antennas necessary to cover multiple frequency bands but also lessens the system complexity, size, and costs. To operate over eight frequency bands to cover sixteen well-established narrow service bands, a planar monopole antenna is proposed for portable communication devices. The proposed antenna is comprised of an inverted F-shaped monopole patch with a rotated L-shaped strip and an F-shaped ground strip with a rotated L-shaped branch. The studied antenna can excite at multiple resonant modes which helps it to achieve eight measured operating bands of 789-921 MHz, 1367-1651 MHz, 1995-2360 MHz, 2968-3374 MHz, 3546-3707, 4091-4405 MHz, 4519-5062 MHz and 5355-6000 MHz. The achieved measured operating bands can cover sixteen popular narrow service bands for 4G/3G/2G, MWT, WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN, and sub-6 GHz 5G wireless communication system. The studied antenna achieved good gain, efficiency and exhibits stable radiation characteristics. Moreover, the antenna does not use any lumped element and left ample space for other circuitries which makes it easier to use in portable devices such as tablets, laptops, etc. with low manufacturing cost.
Recently, there is a high demand of low-profile, efficient, compact, high-speed, planar, inexpensive, and easily integrable devices [1]. These devices have various applications in different roles within modern telecommunication industry. Antenna is an inevitable part of advances communication systems and plays an increasingly important role in modern electronic devices. They are mostly used for applications requiring constant functional properties, such as fixed polarization, beam-width, far-field characteristics, and so on. However, antenna systems with such attributes (constant functional properties) may increase the complexity of the circuitry and decrease the efficiency. Moreover, integration of multiple radios and the antenna systems within a single device may degrade the performance of the system as well. Therefore, it is believed that to support the challenging characteristics, for instance, high data rates, high bandwidths, and low latency, of modern wireless communication systems, there is a requirement of multi-functional, low-cost, compact, and easy to fabricate and integrate antenna systems which must address these challenges and provide additional services without increasing the complexity and size of the circuitry. In addition, enhancement in devices, components, and subsystems will create new challenges. To address these demands, it will be necessary and reasonable to design a flexible, compact, inexpensive, easily controllable, and adjustable antenna system.
5G and future 6G wireless communication systems demand small, highly compact, and multi-functional antenna systems that enable transmission of high data rates to multiple users [1]. Due to these challenges, the procedure for designing an antenna is revised. To fulfill the requirements of future communication devices, an antenna is required that has characteristics of high gain, high radiation efficiency, omnidirectional radiation pattern, and can operate in over a wideband to enable communications at multiple frequency bands [2, 3]. Conformal antennas that can be reconfigurable are considered to fulfill these demanding requirements [4].
Reconfigurable and conformal antennas have received much attention over the past few years for application in wireless communication technologies due to their many advantages. Reconfiguration in terms of frequency, radiation pattern, and polarization by using a single structure is highly desirable. A reconfigurable antenna with its flexible multi-operation feature should provide a highly compact and cost-effective solution [5]. Moreover, bendable/flexible antennas are also highly desirable as they can be mounted on curved surfaces and still allow uninterrupted and reliable wireless communications. In fact, flexible antennas are in demand for wearable devices, health monitoring systems, communication devices, and global positioning systems (GPS). The choice of the flexible antenna relies on many factors such as materials used, substrate, antenna performance, processing technique, and the surrounding environment. However, the design of flexible antennas must address challenges of resonant frequency shift and impedance mismatch due to the variation of effective capacitance during bending of the antenna. The challenge is the design of an antenna that combines the characteristics of reconfigurability and flexibility [6, 7].
Although antennas reported in [11, 12] are compact and have a high gain >4 dBi over a wideband they however have structural complexity and fabricated on a rigidFR-4 material. In [13], the dual-band antenna is flexible and reconfigurable. It and operates at 1.88 GHz and 2.1 GHz however it has a narrow bandwidth of 0.024 GHz and 0.015 GHz, respectively. The quad-band reconfigurable antenna in [14] operates at S-band (4.5 GHz, 4.8 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.8 GHz) and has a peak gain of 4 dBi however it too has narrow bandwidths of 0.2 GHz, 0.7 GHz, 0.02 GHz, and 0.6 GHz, respectively.
It can be discerned from the above overview reported in the literature are numerous reconfigurable antennas applications in various bands including ISM, WLAN, WiMAX and 5G. Although many of these antennas have desirable features of compact size and simple design geometry however their design is limited to rigid structure and in most cases, they have a relative low gain and narrow band performance. Moreover, although some designs may offer higher gains however their drawback is complex structural designs which can be costly to manufacture. The above study shows there is scope to design a wideband reconfigurable antenna on a flexible substrate for multi-band applications that is based on a simple geometry of a compact size and offers high gain. In this paper, such an antenna is proposed that is fabricated on a flexible substrate and can be reconfigured using PIN diodes for application over a wideband covering sub-6GHz systems including ISM, WiMAX, 4G and 5G. 041b061a72